Summer 2007 |
Dr. Jill Robbins & Abbe Spokane |
Tuesday/Thusday 6:00-9:00
pm, GECA |
See Syllabus for phone #s |
|
email |
Course Description
A study of the science of language (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics)
and how its different branches (descriptive, social, applied, etc.) may be
used for ESL classroom instruction, material development, evaluation, research,
and policy development.
Course Objectives
In this course students will:
1.
Gain an understanding of the core concepts and terminology of descriptive
linguistics, including morphology, syntax, semantics, phonetics, and phonology.
2.
Identify and present effective classroom applications of descriptive linguistics
concepts.
3.
Investigate the social dimensions of linguistics, including pragmatics, discourse,
dialects, gender, language planning and policy, bilingualism, and language
in education.
4.
Develop an understanding of the biological foundations of language, including
brain lateralization, animal communication, and human and computer language
processing.
5.
Conduct a literature review on a linguistics topic related to language instruction.(see attachment for correlation to NCATE/TESOL standards
and PRAXIS II test content)
Texts
Fromkin, V. & Rodman, R. An introduction
to language, 7th edition. Orlando,
FL: Harcourt Brace.
Biber, D. Longman student grammar of spoken and
written English. Pearson ESL; 1st edition
Rickerson, E.M. & Hilton, B. (2006). The Five-Minute Linguist: Bite-sized Essays on Language and Languages; Edited by: E.M. Rickerson, Barry Hilton, Equinox Publishing Ltd (August 18, 2006) ISBN-10: 184553199X, ISBN-13: 978-1845531997
Optional GRAMMAR TEXT: Biber, D. Longman student grammar of spoken and written English. Pearson ESL; 1st edition
Supplemental text: Farmer, A. & R. Demers. (2001) A Linguistics Workbook 4th Edition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Course Requirements
Class attendance, punctuality, and active participation
in class. One excused absence is allowed. The following assignments are required:
Linguistic
exercises & Class
Participation (Each
student will do 7 exercises; one is presented for 20 points, the other 6 are 5 points each.) |
50% |
Test
on linguistics basics (5 points for good question) |
20% |
Group Applications Presentation |
30% |
Description of Assignments
1. Linguistic exercises: Questions and problems that provide practice in using basic linguistic information. These can be chosen from the covered chapters or from the copied exercises. Each must be handed in on the day of the topic discussion in class. Come prepared to talk about the exercise you have done. Students will sign up to present an exercise from the text during a particular class session. The exercise answer is to be posted on the class blog, or uploaded to the podcast in the form of a video or audio file. The student presentation should meet the criteria stated in the attached assignment sheet. Each student will complete roughly one exercise per week to be discussed in class. These exercises will be ongoing throughout the course. Active participation in class sessions is expected of all students.
2. Test on linguistic basics: A short-answer test to assess your understanding of concepts and terminology related to descriptive linguistics (morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, phonetics, phonology). Students will submit a question for this test. This test is designed to prepare you for linguistic questions on the PRAXIS examination. You may re-take the test once if you do not pass. (80% is passing)
3. Applications presentation: In small groups, you will select a topic addressed in class and prepare a creative presentation on how the topic can be applied in the language classroom. Your presentation should provide a convincing and practical answer to the question: “Why should ESL/FL teachers have to study (your topic) in linguistics?” Topics must be approved by the instructor in advance. Topics may be drawn from the Five-Minute Linguist essays or an area of interest from the main text. (this can be outside of or including the material we read together) See the website for examples of previous presentations.
The applications presentation may not be a reading of a paper - use one or more of your multiple intelligences to communicate your ideas! These presentations will occur throughout the course. Each group (2-3 persons) will also develop a lesson plan (using the CALLA model) which can be used to teach a chosen topic in an actual ESL or FL class. The core area of linguistics chosen by the group must be incorporated into the lesson. The group must also create (or reproduce) the materials to be used for the lesson. Finally, the group must teach the lesson to members of the class during the last few weeks of class. Copies of the lesson plan and all written materials are to be provided to each member of the class and to the instructor. It is highly recommended that you get instructor pre-approval of the lesson before you present.
4. Grammar Test: The GSEHD Grammar Test will be administered on August 7 in this class. Students who are not ESL teacher candidates are excused from taking the test; they may come into the class after the test is over (about 7 pm). This test does not count toward the grade for 256.
Resources: An Introduction to Language: IL
Talkin’ About Talk/The Five-Minute Linguist: 5min
Week |
Date |
Topic |
Assignment discussed
|
1 |
7/5 |
Introductions
Overview of the course
What is linguistics?
Why should language
teachers study linguistics?
Major subfields of linguistics |
IL: Chapter 1
5min: Can you use language to solve a
crime?
What does language have to do with
national security?
How do you keep languages in a museum? |
2 |
7/10 |
Grammar Review Organization of presentations Chapter 10: Language in Society (first
section 407 - 437) Robin Lakoff video |
Longman Student Grammar IL: Chapter 10 (407 - 437 only)
5min: Are Dialects Dying in the US?
Do All Southerners Have the Same Dialect?
Is Pidgin English just Bad English? |
| 7/12 |
The Human Brain and Language (Abbe Spokane) |
IL: Chapter 2
5min: How many languages is it possible
for a person to speak? What don't we know about language? |
3 |
7/17 |
Morphology (Abbe Spokane) |
IL: Chapter 3
5min: What was the First Language? Is Sign Language Really a Language? |
| 7/19 |
Phonetics (Abbe Spokane) |
IL: Chapter 6
5min: How are the Sounds of Language
Made? What is Cajun and where did it come from? |
4 |
7/24 |
Phonology (Abbe Spokane) |
IL: Chapter 7
5min: Does Anybody Here Speak Klingon? |
7/26 |
Semantics (p. 186-192)/ Pragmatics (p.
199–207)/Academic Language (Abbe Spokane) |
IL: Chapter 5 (only p. 186-192 &
199-207)
5min: What does it take to be an
interpreter? |
5 |
7/31 |
Syntax Part 1 p. 115-147 Applications presentations/ Test Questions due |
IL: Chapter 4 p. 115-147
5min: Do all languages have the same
grammar? |
8/2 |
Syntax part 2 p. 147 - 162
Applications Presentations |
IL: Chapter 4 147 – 162
5min: #17 What’s the right way to put
words together? |
6 |
8/7 |
Grammar Test
Writing Systems (second part; p. 518-527)Linguistics test (Take home)
Applications Presentations |
Grammar text
IL: Chapter 12 (only 518-527)
5min: Is Japanese Worth Studying? Is Chinese the Most Difficult Language in
the World? |
8/9 |
Language Processing: Humans and Computer
Applications presentations |
IL: Chapter 9
5min: Machine Translation |
7 |
8/14 |
Wrap up, Applications presentations, Evaluations, Praxis practice |
5min: Nominate your favorite! |

BRIDGING
CONCEPTS
The following bridging concepts or overarching themes are central to
the new, unified conceptual framework of the School and weave through the
mission, goals and initiatives of its strategic plan. These bridging concepts
are:
- Research & Scholarship Research and Scholarship are Prerequisite
to the Improvement of Educational Practice.
- Leadership
in the Educational Endeavor Leadership is Critical in the Reform and
Redesign of Education and Human Service at all Levels.
- Building
Reflective Practitioners Building Reflective Practitioners Through
the Integration of Theory and Practice Needs to be a Focus of All Programs.
- Service
to the Multi cultural, Multinational, and International Community of Diverse
learners A Community of Diverse Learners is Prerequisite
to Success in the Education and Human Service Professions.
Correlations
TRED 256
Course Objectives |
TESOL/NCATE Standards |
PRAXIS II Subject Assessment: English to Speakers
of Other Languages |
1. Gain
an understanding of the core concepts and terminology of descriptive
linguistics, including morphology, syntax, semantics, phonetics,
and phonology. |
1. a.
Candidates need a conscious knowledge of language as a system in
order to be effective language teachers. Components of the language
system include phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics,
discourse varieties, aspects of social and academic language, rhetorical
registers, and writing conventions. |
II.
Linguistic Theory: Phonology: Phonetic transcriptions; place and manner of articulation;
intonation patterns; and stress patterns.
Morphology: knowledge of English morphology; the various types
of morphemes such as bound, free, and derivational; morphemes with
the same meaning; word stems derived from the same base; and the
most commonly used morphemes with appropriate descriptive terminology
Syntax: the English syntactic system; idioms; verb tenses;
grammatical transformations; structural changes; nomenclature;
and knowledge of the linguistic theories of such figures as Chomsky,
Krashen, Asher, and Cummins |
2. Identify
and present effective classroom applications of descriptive linguistics
concepts. |
3. a Teachers
use their knowledge of language to develop appropriate goals and
a wide variety of techniques for teaching ESOL students to listen,
speak, read, and write so that students may communicate effectively
in English and monitor their own use of language. Candidates serve
as good models of language and use a range of instructional approaches
in response to learners’ different needs as they pertain to the
effective and progressive development of ESL. |
I. Analysis of Student Language
Production: Analyze speech and pronunciation of nonnative
speakers; identify errors in nonnative writing samples
III. Teaching Methods & Techniques: Identifying
methods and approaches:
identifying the theoretical base, distinct characteristics, and/or
order of development, in methods and approaches such as the Direct
Method, Total Physical Response, and the Natural Approach, and
in classroom orientations such as content-based instruction and
notional/functional sequencing. |
3.Investigate
the social dimensions of linguistics, including pragmatics, discourse,
dialects, gender, language planning and policy, bilingualism, and
language in education. |
2. b.
Candidates apply knowledge of language variation, including dialect
and gender-based differences, discourse varieties, rhetoric, politeness,
humor, and slang. |
Sociolinguistics: basic sociolinguistic principles related to language
learning, such as word use across dialects; usable levels of words
and sentences in the context of different situations; communicative
competence; and attitudes toward second language learners |
4. Develop
an understanding of the biological foundations of language, including
brain lateralization, animal communication, and human and computer
language processing. |
1. b.
9. Candidates understand the ways in which languages are similar
and different. Candidates understand the elements of an L2 that
tend to be acquired in developmental stages as well as the effect
that one’s L1 may have on learning an L2. |
Psycholinguistics: basic principles related to second language acquisition,
such as interlanguage and overgeneralization; code-switching; patterns
in second-language development; student motivation; and self-esteem |
5. Conduct
a literature review on a linguistics topic related to language
instruction. |
1. a.
9. Candidates locate and use linguistic resources to learn about
the structure of English and of students’ home languages. |
Develop
an in-depth understanding of Linguistic Theory
V. Professional Issues: Curriculum
and materials: recognition of important resources, programs, and
professional organizations that are beneficial to teachers of ESOL
in the areas of curriculum and materials. |
EXPECTATIONS FOR USE OF TECHNOLOGY
The instructional delivery
methods include computer display of content and multi-media presentations, and
Web 2.0 applications such as blogging and podcasting. There is an expectation
that each student will incorporate technology into their presentations, which
can include presentation software, video-clips, or on-line links. Students are
encouraged to ask for help whenever they need it with technology used in the
course. Dr. Robbins loves to teach how to use computers and other technology!
UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES
This course integrates the 9 principles of universal design for learning
and instruction. The central practical premise of UDL is that a curriculum
should include alternatives to make it accessible and appropriate for individuals
with different backgrounds, learning styles, abilities, and disabilities
in widely varied learning contexts.
Principle
1: Equitable use. Instruction is
designed to be useful to and accessible by people with diverse abilities.
Principle
2: Flexibility in use. Instruction
is designed to accommodate a wide range of individual abilities, providing
choice in methods of use.
Principle
3: Simple and intuitive. Instruction
is designed in a straightforward and predictable manner, regardless of
the student's experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration
level.
Principle
4: Perceptible information. Instruction
is designed so that necessary information is communicated effectively to
the student, regardless of ambient conditions or the student's sensory
abilities.
Principle
5: Tolerance for error. Instruction
anticipates variation in individual student learning pace and prerequisite
skills.
Principle
6: Low physical effort. Instruction
is designed to minimize nonessential physical effort in order to allow
maximum attention to learning.
Principle
7: Size and space for approach and use. Instruction is designed with consideration for
appropriate size and space for approach, reach, manipulations, and use
regardless of a student's body size, posture, mobility, and communication
needs.
Principle
8: A community of learners. The
instructional environment promotes interaction and communication among
students and between students and faculty.
Principle
9: Instructional climate. Instruction
is designed to be welcoming and inclusive and high expectations are espoused
for all students (NCSU, Center for Universal Design, 1997)
Linguistic Applications Exercises Rubric
- Complete one exercise and discuss it
with your partner.
- Post your answer on the blog or upload
to the podcast in the form of an enhanced PowerPoint or a video or audio
file. For image or other non-text files, email to Jill to post on the
class pages.
- Find at least two outside sources on
the topic addressed in the exercise. Summarize these and include your
summary in the blog posting.
- Come to class the night of that
chapter prepared to present and discuss your exercise and the supplemental
references. Try to come up with an interactive way to help your classmates become
engaged with the material and make it more meaningful to them. This can be
(but need not necessarily be limited to) having them attempt the exercise,
or giving them a similar exercise that you have developed, or doing a
survey or quiz or a competition of some kind related to the content.
Class Presentation |
Exceeds the Standard |
Meets the Standard |
Approaches the
Standard |
1.
Chapter
Overview |
A
short overview of the chapter content places the exercise in context of
previously learned material in the course. |
An
overview of the chapter provides information on the topics covered. |
An
overview of the chapter states what it covers. |
2.
Specific
area of interest |
The
presenters’ specific area of interest related to the chapter topic is
explained and justified. |
The
presenters explain their specific are of interest. |
The
presenters state their specific area of interest |
3.
Linguistic
Exercise |
The
exercise is completed fully and is explained clearly with visual aids. The
answer is uploaded to the blog if possible, or sent to the professor for
uploading. Similar activities are done with the class. |
The
exercise is completed fully and explained clearly. Similar activities are
done with the class. |
The
exercise is completed fully by the presenters and discussion with the class
is conducted. |
4.
Additional
Resources |
Two
additional references are given to articles, websites, or books on the topic
of the exercise or chapter. The articles are annotated verbally or in writing
on the handout. |
Two
additional references are given related to the topic of the exercise or
chapter. |
One
additional reference is given. |
5.
Handout |
A
handout showing references and the answer to the linguistic exercise is given
to classmates and emailed to the professor for distribution to absent
students. |
A
handout is given to students with annotated references and the answer to the
exercise. |
A
handout is given with references and the exercise answer. |
Feedback & Evaluation form for Linguistic Exercise Presenters:
Class Presentation |
Description |
SCORE |
1.
Chapter Overview |
A brief overview of the chapter content places the
exercise in context of previously learned material in the course. (no more
than 3 mins) |
(3) |
2.
Specific area of
interest |
The presenters’
specific area of interest related to the chapter topic is explained and
justified. |
(2) |
3.
Linguistic
Exercise |
The exercise is
completed fully and is explained clearly with visual aids. The answer is
uploaded to the blog or podcast if possible, or sent to the professor for
uploading. Similar activities are done with the class. |
(5) |
4.
Additional
Resources |
Two additional
references are given to articles, websites, or books on the topic of the
exercise or chapter. The articles are annotated verbally or in writing on the
handout. |
(5) |
5. Handout |
A handout
showing references and the answer to the linguistic exercise is given to
classmates and emailed to the professor for distribution to absent students. |
(5) |
| |
|
TOTAL ___/ 20 |
Comments:
Group Application Presentation Evaluation Form
Presenters:
Class Presentation |
Description |
SCORE |
1.
Linguistics Topic |
Does
the presentation answer the question: “Why should ESL/FL teachers have to
study the area of linguistics called _________________?” The core area of
linguistics chosen by the group is incorporated into the lesson |
(10) |
2.
Lesson Plan |
Lesson
plan includes objectives, warm-up, introductory activity, developmental
activity, guided practice, independent practice, assessment, closure |
(10) |
3.
Handout |
Copies
of the lesson plan and all materials are provided to each member of the
class. Material is uploaded to blog or podcast if possible. |
(10) |
| |
|
TOTAL
___/ 30 |
Comments:
|